Phase-3 pivotal trials
GLP-1 clinical trials
The 9 pivotal phase-3 trials that established GLP-1 efficacy + safety. Each page renders a full MedicalStudy JSON-LD record + primary publication link + clinical takeaways.
Phase 3 · 751 participants · 72 weeks
SURMOUNT-5
Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide in Adults with Obesity — SURMOUNT-5 (phase 3b, open-label)
−20.2% on tirzepatide vs −13.7% on semaglutide at week 72
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 1,961 participants · 68 weeks
STEP-1
Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity — 1
−14.9% mean body-weight reduction on semaglutide vs −2.4% placebo (P<0.001)
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 2,539 participants · 72 weeks
SURMOUNT-1
A Study of Tirzepatide in Participants with Obesity or Overweight
−15.0% (5 mg), −19.5% (10 mg), −20.9% (15 mg) on tirzepatide vs −3.1% placebo
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 3,297 participants · 104 weeks
SUSTAIN-6
Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
26% relative reduction in MACE on semaglutide vs placebo (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.95; P=0.02 for non-inferiority and superiority)
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 17,604 participants · 197 weeks
SELECT
Semaglutide Effects on Heart Disease and Stroke in Patients with Overweight or Obesity
20% relative reduction in MACE on semaglutide 2.4 mg vs placebo (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.90; P<0.001)
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 1,879 participants · 40 weeks
SURPASS-2
A Study of Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide in Participants with Type 2 Diabetes
Tirzepatide superior at all three doses: −2.01% (5 mg), −2.24% (10 mg), −2.30% (15 mg) vs −1.86% semaglutide 1 mg
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 3,533 participants · 170 weeks
FLOW
A Research Study to See How Semaglutide Works Compared to Placebo in People with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
24% relative reduction in primary composite on semaglutide vs placebo (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.66-0.88; P<0.001)
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 469 participants · 52 weeks
SURMOUNT-OSA
A Study of Tirzepatide in Adults with Obesity and Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea
−25 to −29 events/hour mean reduction on tirzepatide vs −5 events/hour placebo
Full trial profile
Phase 3 · 783 participants · 88 weeks
SURMOUNT-4
Tirzepatide Maintenance — Continued versus Withdrawn
Continued tirzepatide: additional −5.5% weight loss. Withdrawn to placebo: regained 14% of body weight by week 88 (about 2/3 of weight previously lost).
Full trial profile